Compare Guernsey (2004) - Sao Tome and Principe (2002)

Compare Guernsey (2004) z Sao Tome and Principe (2002)

	Guernsey (2004)	Sao Tome and Principe (2002)

Administrative divisions	none (British crown dependency); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 10 parishes including Saint Peter Port, Saint Sampson, Vale, Castel, Saint Saviour, Saint Pierre du Bois, Torteval, Forest, Saint Martin, Saint Andrew	2 provinces; Principe, Sao Tome note: Principe has had self-government since 29 April 1995
Age structure	0-14 years: 15.6% (male 5,161; female 5,013) 15-64 years: 66.7% (male 21,497; female 21,897) 65 years and over: 17.6% (male 4,812; female 6,651) (2004 est.)	0-14 years: 47.7% (male 41,159; female 40,125) 15-64 years: 48.3% (male 39,701; female 42,586) 65 years and over: 4% (male 3,115; female 3,686) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	tomatoes, greenhouse flowers, sweet peppers, eggplant, fruit; Guernsey cattle	cocoa, coconuts, palm kernels, copra, cinnamon, pepper, coffee, bananas, papayas, beans; poultry; fish
Airports	2 (2003 est.)	2 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Area	total: 78 sq km land: 78 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Alderney, Guernsey, Herm, Sark, and some other smaller islands	total: 1,001 sq km land: 1,001 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	about one-half the size of Washington, DC	more than five times the size of Washington, DC
Background	The island of Guernsey and the other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Dukedom of Normandy, which held sway in both France and England. The islands were the only British soil occupied by German troops in World War II.	Discovered and claimed by Portugal in the late 15th century, the islands' sugar-based economy gave way to coffee and cocoa in the 19th century - all grown with plantation slave labor, a form of which lingered into the 20th century. Although independence was achieved in 1975, democratic reforms were not instituted until the late 1980s. The first free elections were held in 1991.
Birth rate	9.16 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)	42.3 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	revenues: $381.3 million expenditures: $368.8 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2000 est.)	revenues: $58 million expenditures: $114 million, including capital expenditures of $54 million
Capital	Saint Peter Port	Sao Tome
Climate	temperate with mild winters and cool summers; about 50% of days are overcast	tropical; hot, humid; one rainy season (October to May)
Coastline	50 km	209 km
Constitution	unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice	approved March 1990; effective 10 September 1990
Country name	conventional long form: Bailiwick of Guernsey conventional short form: Guernsey	conventional long form: Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe conventional short form: Sao Tome and Principe local long form: Republica Democratica de Sao Tome e Principe local short form: Sao Tome e Principe
Currency	British pound (GBP); note - there is also a Guernsey pound	dobra (STD)
Death rate	9.87 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)	7.32 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	NA	$253.8 million (2000) (2000)
Dependency status	British crown dependency	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (British crown dependency)	the US does not have an embassy in Sao Tome and Principe; the Ambassador to Gabon is accredited to Sao Tome and Principe on a nonresident basis and makes periodic visits to the islands
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (British crown dependency)	Sao Tome and Principe does not have an embassy in the US, but does have a Permanent Mission to the UN, headed by First Secretary Domingos Augusto FERREIRA, located at 400 Park Avenue, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10022, telephone [1] (212) 317-0580
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	NA	$200 million in December 2000 under the HIPC program
Economy - overview	Financial services - banking, fund management, insurance, etc. - account for about 55% of total income in this tiny Channel Island economy. Tourism, manufacturing, and horticulture, mainly tomatoes and cut flowers, have been declining. Light tax and death duties make Guernsey a popular tax haven. The evolving economic integration of the EU nations is changing the environment under which Guernsey operates.	This small poor island economy has become increasingly dependent on cocoa since independence 26 years ago. However, cocoa production has substantially declined because of drought and mismanagement. The resulting shortage of cocoa for export has created a persistent balance-of-payments problem. Sao Tome has to import all fuels, most manufactured goods, consumer goods, and a substantial amount of food. Over the years, it has been unable to service its external debt and has had to depend on concessional aid and debt rescheduling. Sao Tome benefited from $200 million in debt relief in December 2000 under the Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) program. Sao Tome's success in implementing structural reforms has been rewarded by international donors, who have pledged increased assistance in 2001. Considerable potential exists for development of a tourist industry, and the government has taken steps to expand facilities in recent years. The government also has attempted to reduce price controls and subsidies. Sao Tome is also optimistic that substantial petroleum discoveries are forthcoming in its territorial waters in the oil-rich waters of the Gulf of Guinea. Corruption scandals continue to weaken the economy.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	15.81 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2002)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2002)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	NA kWh	17 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 41% hydro: 59% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Sark 114 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Pico de Sao Tome 2,024 m
Environment - current issues	NA	deforestation; soil erosion and exhaustion
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	UK and Norman-French descent with small percentages from other European countries	mestico, angolares (descendants of Angolan slaves), forros (descendants of freed slaves), servicais (contract laborers from Angola, Mozambique, and Cape Verde), tongas (children of servicais born on the islands), Europeans (primarily Portuguese)
Exchange rates	Guernsey pounds per US dollar - 0.6661 (2002), 0.6944 (2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998); note - the Guernsey pound is at par with the British pound	dobras per US dollar - 9,009.1 (December 2001), 8,842.1 (2001), 7,978.2 (2000), 7,119.0 (1999), 6,883.2 (1998), 4,552.5 (1997)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Lieutenant Governor and Commander-in-Chief Lt. Gen. Sir John FOLEY (since NA 2000) head of government: Chief Minister Laurie MORGAN (since 1 May 2004) cabinet: Policy Council elected by the States of Deliberation elections: the monarch is hereditary; lieutenant governor appointed by the monarch; chief minister is elected by States of Delibertion election results: Laurie MORGAN elected chief minister, percent of vote of the States of Deliberation NA	chief of state: President Fradique DE MENEZES (since 3 September 2001) head of government: Prime Minister Maria das NEVES (since 7 October 2002) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the proposal of the prime minister elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 29 July 2001 (next to be held NA July 2006); prime minister chosen by the National Assembly and approved by the president election results: Fradique DE MENEZES elected president in Sao Tome's third multiparty presidential election; percent of vote - NA%
Exports	NA	$4.1 million f.o.b. (2000 est.)
Exports - commodities	tomatoes, flowers and ferns, sweet peppers, eggplant, other vegetables	cocoa 90%, copra, coffee, palm oil
Exports - partners	UK (regarded as internal trade)	Portugal 33.3%, Netherlands 8.3%, Spain 8.3% (1999)
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	white with the red cross of Saint George (patron saint of England) extending to the edges of the flag and a yellow equal-armed cross of William the Conqueror superimposed on the Saint George cross	three horizontal bands of green (top), yellow (double width), and green with two black five-pointed stars placed side by side in the center of the yellow band and a red isosceles triangle based on the hoist side; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia
GDP	purchasing power parity - $1.3 billion (1999 est.)	purchasing power parity - $189 million (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 3% industry: 10% services: 87% (2000)	agriculture: 25% industry: 10% services: 65% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $20,000 (1999 est.)	purchasing power parity - $1,200 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	5.7% (1999 est.)	4% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates	49 28 N, 2 35 W	1 00 N, 7 00 E
Geography - note	large, deepwater harbor at Saint Peter Port	the smallest country in Africa; the two main islands form part of a chain of extinct volcanoes and both are fairly mountainous
Highways	total: NA km paved: NA km unpaved: NA km	total: 320 km paved: 218 km unpaved: 102 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	NA	$40 million f.o.b. (2000 est.)
Imports - commodities	coal, gasoline, oil, machinery and equipment	machinery and electrical equipment, food products, petroleum products
Imports - partners	UK (regarded as internal trade)	Portugal 43%, France 15.7%, UK 13.7% (1999)
Independence	none (British crown dependency)	12 July 1975 (from Portugal)
Industrial production growth rate	NA	NA%
Industries	tourism, banking	light construction, textiles, soap, beer; fish processing; timber
Infant mortality rate	total: 4.78 deaths/1,000 live births male: 5.35 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.19 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)	47.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	4% (2000 est.)	7% (2001 est.)
International organization participation	UPU	ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CEEAC, CEMAC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, NAM, OAU, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	1 (2002)
Irrigated land	NA sq km	100 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Royal Court	Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the National Assembly)
Labor force	31,320 (2000)	NA
Labor force - by occupation	-	population mainly engaged in subsistence agriculture and fishing note: shortages of skilled workers
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: NA permanent crops: NA other: NA (2001)	arable land: 2% permanent crops: 41% other: 57% (1998 est.)
Languages	English, French, Norman-French dialect spoken in country districts	Portuguese (official)
Legal system	English law and local statute; justice is administered by the Royal Court	based on Portuguese legal system and customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	unicameral States of Deliberation (45 seats; members are elected by popular vote for 4 years); note - Alderney and Sark have their own parliaments elections: last held 21 April 2004 (next to be held NA 2008) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - all independents	unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (55 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 3 March 2002 (next to be held NA March 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - MLSTP 39.6%, Force for Change Democratic Movement 39.4%, Ue-Kedadji coalition 16.2%; seats by party - MLSTP 24, Force for Change Democratic Movement 23, Ue-Kedadji coalition 8
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 80.17 years male: 77.17 years female: 83.27 years (2004 est.)	total population: 65.93 years male: 64.47 years female: 67.45 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	definition: NA total population: NA male: NA female: NA	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 79.3% male: 85% female: 62% (1991 est.)
Location	Western Europe, islands in the English Channel, northwest of France	Western Africa, islands in the Gulf of Guinea, straddling the Equator, west of Gabon
Map references	Europe	Africa
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: 12 nm	measured from claimed archipelagic baselines exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	none	total: 41 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 169,991 GRT/245,996 DWT ships by type: bulk 6, cargo 23, chemical tanker 1, container 3, livestock carrier 1, petroleum tanker 3, refrigerated cargo 1, roll on/roll off 2, specialized tanker 1 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Egypt 1, Greece 1, Kenya 1, Portugal 1, Syria 1, Turkey 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	-
Military branches	-	Army, Navy, Security Police
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$400,000 (FY01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	0.8% (FY01)
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 35,524 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 18,727 (2002 est.)
National holiday	Liberation Day, 9 May (1945)	Independence Day, 12 July (1975)
Nationality	noun: Channel Islander(s) adjective: Channel Islander	noun: Sao Tomean(s) adjective: Sao Tomean
Natural hazards	NA	NA
Natural resources	cropland	fish, hydropower
Net migration rate	3.84 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)	-3.15 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders	none; all independents	Democratic Renovation Party [Armindo GRACA]; Force for Change Democratic Movement [leader NA]; Independent Democratic Action or ADI [Carlos NEVES]; Movement for the Liberation of Sao Tome and Principe-Social Democratic Party or MLSTP-PSD [Manuel Pinto Da COSTA]; Party for Democratic Convergence or PCD [Aldo BANDEIRA]; Ue-Kedadji coalition [leader NA]; other small parties
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	NA
Population	65,031 (July 2004 est.)	170,372 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA	NA%
Population growth rate	0.31% (2004 est.)	3.18% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	Saint Peter Port, Saint Sampson	Santo Antonio, Sao Tome
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 1 (2002)
Radios	-	38,000 (1997)
Railways	-	0 km
Religions	Anglican, Roman Catholic, Presbyterian, Baptist, Congregational, Methodist	Christian 80% (Roman Catholic, Evangelical Protestant, Seventh-Day Adventist)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2004 est.)	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: 1 submarine cable	general assessment: adequate facilities domestic: minimal system international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	55,000 (2001)	4,600 (2000)
Telephones - mobile cellular	31,500 (2001)	6,942 (1997)
Television broadcast stations	1 (1997)	2 (2002)
Terrain	mostly level with low hills in southwest	volcanic, mountainous
Total fertility rate	1.38 children born/woman (2004 est.)	5.95 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	0.5% (1999 est.)	NA%
Waterways	-	none

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